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In Negotiating and Settling Insurance Bad Faith Cases , insurance expert witness Guy O. Kornblum of GK Consultants, LLC, writes:

The potential exposure to punitive or exemplary damages is the greatest danger to an insurer defending an extra-contractual claim. For example, courts have allowed the recovery of punitive damages when the insurer’s breach is accompanied by an independent tort or where a serious wrong of a tortious nature has been committed and the public interest would be served by the deterrent effect of punitive damages.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES Insurance bad faith cases fall primarily into two categories: first-party and third-party cases. First-party cases evolve from coverage in which the insurance company is obligated to indemnify or reimburse its insured directly. Third-party cases involve underlying claims which trigger an insurer’s obligations to protect an insured against lawsuits by others. It involves the basic obligations of the insurer to defend and indemnify the insured, and to settle such cases when a reasonable opportunity to do so is presented. The right to coverage is triggered by strangers to the insurance relationship who bring a suit against the insured. It draws on traditional tort concepts of fault, proximate cause and duty. “In liability insurance, by ensuring personal liability, and agreeing to cover the insured for his own negligence, the insurer agrees to cover the insured for a broader spectrum of risks.”

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In Agricultural and Grounds Maintenance Equipment, agricultural engineering expert witness Richard L. Parish, PhD, PE, writes on standards:

For grounds maintenance equipment, the ANSI B71 series is of primary interest. The most important standards in this series are ANSI B71.1, dealing with consumer turf care equipment, and ANSI B71.4, dealing with commercial turf care equipment. These are very comprehensive standards covering blade guarding, thrown objects, rollover/stability, burn hazards, etc. ANSI B71.1 incorporates the CPSC lawnmower standard. Other standards in the ANSI B71 series cover rotary tillers, snow throwers, log splitters, and shredder/grinders. Other ANSI standards cover equipment such as chainsaws.

At times it will be necessary to refer to standards from other organizations such as The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Also, some industry groups provide safety training information and use recommendations (not standards) that can be useful in cases involving agricultural and grounds maintenance equipment. These organizations include The Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM), The Farm Equipment Manufacturers Association (FEMA), and The Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI). Other organizations that provide safety information on agricultural and grounds maintenance equipment are The National Safety Council (NSC), The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the National Institute for Farm Safety (NIFS).

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A handwriting expert told Manhattan Supreme Court jurors on Tuesday that Brooke Astor “very probably” penned her signature on a will update – one prosecutors charge was forged. “I believe this is an authentic signature,” Alan Robillard, a former FBI documents examiner expert, told the jury weighing evidence against Astor’s son, Anthony Marshall, 85, and lawyer Francis Morrissey, 66. Marshall and Morrissey are being tried on charges of fraud and grand larceny for swindling Astor out of $60 million in a series of will updates in 2004, four years after she was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

Robillard was the first defense witness called in the case. The expert’s testimony contradicted that of Gus Lesnevich, a forensic document examiner called by prosecutors. He said he had “absolutely no doubt” the signature was not Astor’s.

Excerpted from nydailynews.com.

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In The Attorney-Expert Relationship: Unraveling the Complexity, Peter T. Tomaras writes on his experience as a premises liability expert witness:

In my view, attorneys should retain experts not merely to ratify their arguments, but for all the experience based information we can contribute. For instance, experts can support discovery by suggesting witnesses to interview and questions to ask. Most civil cases in my area of expertise–the hospitality industry–turn on the duty of reasonable care in the circumstances. Especially in cases lacking forensic, medical, or scientific aspects, my expert testimony may be pivotal.

Accordingly, I feel obliged to research every source that may help me formulate supportable opinions on each assertion in the complaint. My input should identify what the attorney’s client has done right, and also what the client might have done differently. Ultimately, counsel is preparing for deposition and trial, where the opposition will certainly explore potential vulnerabilities in my opinions.

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In Negotiating and Settling Insurance Bad Faith Cases , insurance expert witness Guy O. Kornblum of GK Consultants, LLC, writes:

I’ve been handling bad faith insurance cases for almost my entire career. Initially the majority of cases encompassed the “duty to settle-excess liability cases” wherein the insurer became responsible for the entire amount of a judgment against its insured because the insurer acted imprudently or unreasonable by failing to accept a demand from a plaintiff for the policy limits or less. The basis for this liability was the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing which exists in all contracts, but which has a special meaning in insurance policies. This covenant of good faith serves as the foundation for the expansion of insurers’ legal responsibility into the realm of tort liability stemming from its “bad-faith” conduct. If the insurer breaches the covenant of good faith by wrongfully handling an insurance claim under the applicable standard, a tort is committed.

In the early 70’s, the California Supreme Court applied these concepts to first party insurance relationships, i.e. where the insurer has promised to pay an insured for a covered loss. This type of coverage is found in all types of insurance relationships: commercial and personal property insurance, medical pay insurance, life, health and medical insurance, and other “direct reimbursement” insurance situations.

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Two local aviation companies who lost a lawsuit claiming they sold a lemon airplane are taking their former attorney to court. Tim McCandless Inc. and Swieter Aircraft Services allege that attorney Gene Yagla smelled of alcohol during their trial in 2006. Also named in the lawsuit is Yagla’s firm, Riley, Shea & Bevel. Attorney and legal malpractice expert William Graham, who is now representing McCandless and Swieter, said Tuesday that Yagla failed to put vital expert witnesses on the stand during the trial and failed to cross examine the plaintiff’s witnesses adequately. Graham says Yagla missed a deadline to notify the court and the opposition of his expert witness, and the trial went on without that testimony.

Yagla’s attorney, Patrick Roby, said the two aviation companies got sued because they were involved in the sale of a bum airplane to a customer and then blamed their lawyer when they lost. The suit involves the sale of a Cessna that had been built in the United States and then sold in Germany.

Excerpted from WFCCourier.com

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In Agricultural and Grounds Maintenance Equipment, agricultural engineering expert witness Richard L. Parish, PhD, PE, writes on industry consensus standards:

The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) is the primary standards organization for farm and grounds maintenance equipment, although The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) issues most tractor standards. Most of the ASABE standards will be labeled “ASAE” rather than “ASABE” since standards developed before the name change (inclusion of “and Biological”) still carry the ASAE label. Some are jointly listed as American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards. There are three primary safety standards covering three primary sub-areas:

ANSI/ASAE S318.17 JUN2009 Safety for Agricultural Field Equipment ANSI/ASAE S354.5 JAN2006 Safety for Farmstead Equipment ASAE S440.3 MAR2005 Safety for Powered Lawn and Garden Equipment

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Elizabeth G. Rudolph, lawyer, nurse and legal nurse consultant, is the founder of Memphis-based Jurex Center for Legal Nurse Consulting. Rudolf writes on nurses as expert witnesses:

“What’s nice is this is an opportunity for nurses to expand their careers,” Rudolph said. “That’s the new part for nurses. They have this beautiful wealth of nursing knowledge, and this is an opportunity for nurses to expand their knowledge beyond the hospitals and clinics and review medical records and/or testify in cases.” Rudolph said she started Jurex because she recognized the demand for more nurse legal experts and the need to establish more training programs. “There are thousands of court cases filed every day in every jurisdiction,” she said.

The nursing expertise needed for particular cases can vary. “I’ve been an attorney 20 years and have certainly litigated lots of cases,” Rudolph said. “It depends on the type of case and the witness, the expert witness, so it’s not always shear number of years that matters. “It can be sometimes the clinical experience. Sometimes it is the persuasiveness of the expert witness. Sometimes it is the knowledge base. It is the findings of the expert witness. There are many components that go into why I would, for example, as an attorney want one PLNC or another.”

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Insurance expert witnesses may testify regarding insurance policies which Justia.com describes here:

Although insurance may cover many different risks, an insurance company may not indemnify an individual or business for committing an an intentional tort. Parties to insurance contracts are required to deal in good faith, according the legal doctrine uberrima fides (as opposed to caveat emptor, where the buyer assumes the risk). The duty of good faith requires that the insured reveal all material information relevant to risk assessment. The insurance company has several good-faith obligations, including a duty to promptly pay or deny a claim, to try to find reasons to cover a claim, and to treat the financial interests of the insured as if they were its own.

In most contract cases, the failure of a party to fulfill its contractual obligations may give rise to a breach of contract suit. The aggrieved party may sue for damages to recoup what it was owed under the contract. The law treats insurance contracts stricter. If an insurance company acts in “bad faith” (by acting with malice, fraud or oppression), in some states, the aggrieved insured may recover not only what it is entitled to under the policy, but also interest, attorney fees, court costs, and damages for emotional distress caused by the bad-faith act. Additionally, some states allow the injured policyholder to recover punitive damages if the insurance company acted egregiously.

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In The Attorney-Expert Relationship: Unraveling the Complexity, Peter T. Tomaras writes on his experience as a premises liability expert witness regarding setting parameters:

When attorneys call, experts must determine from a brief description if the case falls within our span of competence and is ethically feasible. Frequently, attorneys ask us to make a preliminary assessment. That’s not readily doable–or prudent. Attorneys may ask, “Do you think I have a cause of action, here?” Well, perhaps; but no expert should offer an opinion at this stage, nor should we hear any confidential information. For me, the best starting point in determining the merit of a case is reading the petition or complaint (if it has been filed) and, if available, the answer to it. But some attorneys seem reluctant to forward the complaint, let alone pay an expert to review it, who then might pass on the case.

Some advance work can lower this hurdle. Before calling potential experts, attorneys should check their credentials and references to verify that they are both competent in their fields and, above all, have a reputation for integrity. Then, if an attorney wants an expert’s early reading as to the case’s strengths and weaknesses, he or she should be willing to pay a reasonable fee for this. If the expert’s screening suggests a weak case, the attorney cuts losses; if the expert feels he or she can espouse a supportive opinion, the attorney can confidently retain the expert. Either way, the nominal investment is justified.

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